Despite having no data from 1850 for the vast majority of the planet, the WMO and “six international datasets” know the temperature within 0.01 degrees.
WMO confirms 2024 as warmest year on record at about 1.55°C above pre-industrial level
Temperature data (HadCRUT, CRUTEM,, HadCRUT5, CRUTEM5) Climatic Research Unit global temperature



This is what most of the weather stations looked like in 1851 around the world
https://i.pinimg.com/474x/c4/ab/55/c4ab5589b4572cee91ab00472ff956c6–hawaii-weather-funny-signs.jpg